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digestion[7]
Wednesday, July 16, 2008
5:43 AM
once food has passed through the small intestine, it is mostly undigestible material and water. it enters the large intestine, named for its wide diameter. the large intestine has six parts: the cecum, ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon, and rectum.
the large pouch-shaped cecum marks the beginning of the colon. attached near the cecum bottom is the vermiform (worm-like) appendix. the appendix contains lymphoid tissue and intercepts pathogenic microorganisms that enter the digestive tract. sometimes, fecal matter may become trapped in the appendix, resulting in appendicitis (infection and inflammation).

the other parts of the colon absorb water and minerals from the undigested food and compact the remaining material into feaces. defecation is the digestive process final stage: feces (undigested waste products) are carried to the rectum through peristalsis and passed out through the anus.


additonal information:

vermiform appendix is a blind ended tube connected to the cecum, from which it develops embryologically. the cecum is a pouch-like structure of the colon. the appendix is near the junction of the small intestine and the large intestine. the appendix averages 10 cm in length and its diameter is usually between 7 and 8 mm.


the most common explanation is that the appendix is a vestigial structure with no absolute purpose. in The Story of Evolution, Joseph McCabe once argued:

the vermiform appendage—in which some recent medical writers have vainly endeavoured to find a utility—is the shrunken remainder of a large and normal intestine of a remote ancestor. this interpretation of it would stand even if it were found to have a certain use in the human body. vestigial organs are sometimes pressed into a secondary use when their original function has been lost.

given the appendix's propensity to cause death via infection, and the seemingly perfect health of those who have had their appendix removed, the biological purpose of the appendix has mystified scientists for some time. there have been cases of people who have been found, to have a congenital absence of an appendix. there have been no reports of impaired immune or gastrointestinal function in these people.


defecation is the final act of digestion by which organisms eliminate solid, semisolid or liquid waste material from the digestive tract via the anus. when humans expel feaces, waves of muscular contraction known as peristalsis in the walls of the colon move fecal matter through the digestive tract towards the rectum. undigested food may also be expelled this way. this process is called egestion.

information is taken from:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vermiform_appendix
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Defecation